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AS49581Ferdinand Zink trading as Tube-Hosting

GermanyRegistryRIPE NCCTypeContent

As of 27th September 2026, AS49581 (Ferdinand Zink trading as Tube-Hosting), a content network registered in Germany with RIPE NCC, originates 39 IPv4 prefixes covering 10k addresses and 3 IPv6 prefixes. By IPv4 address space that makes it the 10,560th-largest of the 79,523 networks we see originating IPv4, and the 372nd-largest of 2,288 in Germany. It is seen behind 23 upstream networks, most often AS44592 (SkyLink Data Center BV) and AS6939 (Hurricane Electric LLC), and in front of 89 downstream networks. 95% of its announcements have a valid RPKI ROA; 1 is RPKI-invalid. 98% of its routes reach at least 90% of full-feed peers.

At a glance

IPv4 prefixes

39

IPv6 prefixes

3

IPv4 addresses

10k

IPv6 /64s

38.7B

Upstream graph

The networks AS49581 is seen behind, one and two hops out, drawn from real AS paths.

AS49581Toward the internet core
Upstream graph for AS49581: 12 neighbouring networks observed beyond it across 2 levels. The same networks are listed in the tables below.AS49581Ferdinand Zink tr…This networkAS3257GTT Communication…AS6453TATA Communicatio…AS6939Hurricane Electri…AS13030Init7 (Switzerlan…AS44592SkyLink Data Cent…AS398465Rackdog LLCAS8220COLTAS32590Valve CorporationAS18106Viewqwest Pte LtdAS20130Depaul UniversityAS33891Core-Backbone GmbHAS64289Macarne.com

Networks observed one and two hops upstream of AS49581 in real AS paths. A thicker line means more vantage points saw that adjacency, so weight tracks how well attested it is — not how much traffic it carries. Adjacency is an observation; whether it is a transit purchase or a settlement-free peering is an inference, and is labelled as one wherever we show it.

Neighbouring networks

321

adjacent networks

Upstreams
237%
Peers
20965%
Downstreams
8928%

Networks carrying this one's traffic toward the rest of the internet.

Upstreams of AS49581
NetworkCountryRelationshipPathsVantage pts
AS44592SkyLink Data Center BVNLPeer40,611132
AS6939Hurricane Electric LLCUSPeer6,61158
AS6453TATA Communications (America) IncUSPeer6,28547
AS3257GTT Communications Inc.USPeer3,29776
AS13030Init7 (Switzerland) Ltd.CHPeer1,0464
AS25091IP-Max SACHPeer6863
AS39122Blacknight Internet Solutions LimitedIEPeer6762
AS8298IPng Networks GmbHCHPeer6732
AS24940Hetzner Online GmbHDEPeer6312
AS49544i3D.net B.VNLPeer6192

Prefixes

All 42

The largest blocks AS49581 originates, widest first.

Largest prefixes originated by AS49581
PrefixAddressesVisibility
2.58.113.0/2425681/81
5.83.153.0/2425681/81
5.230.154.0/2425681/81
5.231.242.0/2425681/81
5.253.246.0/2425681/81
31.58.182.0/2425681/81
37.221.92.0/2425681/81
37.221.94.0/2425681/81
45.13.227.0/2425681/81
45.84.198.0/2425681/81

Routing health

How AS49581's own announcements validate against RPKI and how far they propagate. The same measures for the whole routing table are on the routing table in numbers.

RPKI origin validation

  • Valid95.2%40
  • Invalid2.4%1
  • No ROA2.4%1

Propagation

  • Globally propagated90% of full-feed peers or more97.6%41
  • Partially propagated40% to 90%0.0%0
  • Seen by few peersUnder 40%2.4%1

Prefix sizes

IPv4 — 39 prefixes

IPv6 — 3 prefixes

  • /2934.4B × /6433.3%1
  • /324.3B × /6433.3%1
  • /4865.5k × /6433.3%1

Recent changes

Announcements that started or stopped since 28th Aug 2026.

Routing data derived from RouteViews MRT archives, BGPKIT relationship inference and public registry data.